Aim of National Educational Policy
·
To equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge
·
To eliminate the shortage of manpower in science, technology,
academics and industry
·
The Draft National Education Policy, 2019 is built on the
foundational pillars of Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability and
Accountability.
Background work
For this, the MHRD initiated an unprecedented collaborative,
multi-stakeholder, multi-pronged, bottom- up people-centric, inclusive,
participatory consultation process.
The extensive consultations undertaken across multiple levels of
online, expert and thematic, and from the grassroots ranging from village,
block, urban local bodies, district, state, zonal and the national level,
provided an opportunity to every citizen to engage in this massive exercise.
Changes
1. The committee has
proposed to rename MHRD as Ministry of Education (MoE).
2. In school education,
a major reconfiguration of curricular and pedagogical structure with Early
Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) as an integral part of school education is
proposed.
3. The committee also
recommends Extension of Right to Education Act 2009 to cover children of ages 3
to 18. A 5+3+3+4 curricular and pedagogical structure based on cognitive and
socio-emotional developmental stages of children: Foundational Stage (age 3-8
yrs): 3 years of pre-primary plus Grades 1-2; Preparatory Stage (8-11 years):
Grades 3-5; Middle Stage (11-14 years): Grades 6-8; and Secondary Stage (14-18
years): Grades 9-12.
Schools will be re-organized into school complexes.
4. It also seeks to
reduce content load in school education curriculum.
5. There will be no hard
separation of learning areas in terms of curricular, co-curricular or extra-
curricular areas and all subjects, including arts, music, crafts, sports, yoga,
community service, etc will be curricular.
6. It promotes active
pedagogy that will focus on the development of core capacities: and life
skills, including 21st century skills.
7. The committee
proposes for massive transformation in teacher education by shutting down
sub-standard teacher education institutions and moving all teacher
preparation/education programmes into large multidisciplinary
universities/colleges.
8. The 4-year integrated
stage-specific B.Ed. programme will eventually be the minimum degree
qualification for teachers.
9. In higher education,
a restructuring of higher education institutions with three types of higher
education institutions is proposed-
Type 1: Focused on
world-class research and high quality teaching
Type 2: Focused on high
quality teaching across disciplines with significant contribution to research;
Type 3: High quality
teaching focused on undergraduate education. This will be driven by two
Missions -Mission Nalanda & Mission Takshashila.
10. There will be
re-structuring of Undergraduate programs (e.g. BSc, BA, BCom, BVoc) of 3 or 4
years duration and having multiple exit and entry options.
11. A new apex body
Rashtriya Shiksha Ayog is proposed to enable a holistic and integrated
implementation of all educational initiatives and programmatic interventions,
and to coordinate efforts between the Centre and states.
12. The National
Research Foundation, an apex body is proposed for creating a strong research
culture and building research capacity across higher education.
13. The four functions
of standard setting, Funding, Accreditation and Regulation to be separated and
conducted by independent bodies: National Higher Education Regulatory Authority
as the only regulator for all higher education including professional
education.
14. Creation of
accreditation eco-system led by revamped NAAC.
15. Professional
Standard Setting Bodies for each area of professional education and UGC to transform
to Higher Education Grants Commission (HEGC).
16. The private and
public institutions will be treated on par and education will remain a 'not for
profit' activity.
17. Several new policy
initiatives for promoting internationalization of higher education,
strengthening quality open and distance learning, technology integration at all
levels of education, adult and lifelong learning and initiatives to enhance
participation of under-represented groups, and eliminate gender, social
category and regional gaps in education outcomes were also recommended.
18. Promotion of Indian
and classical languages and setting up three new National Institutes for Pali,
Persian and Prakrit.
19. Indian Institute of
Translation and Interpretation (IITI) has been recommended.
The path breaking
reforms recommended will bring about a paradigm shift by equipping our
students, teachers and educational institutions with the right competencies and
capabilities and also create an enabling and reinvigorated educational
eco-system for a vibrant new India
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